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The Mongolian Invasion
The mongols were a fierce nomadic civilization originating in central Europe. Mongols were legendary horsemen, riding horseback at the age of 3. Their army was the biggest and most powerful army in the world. In 1279 AD, the Mongols took over China. The Mongolian Empire started 50 years before they invaded the Chinese and it they had to allied with other powers, defeated the armies of the various Chinese states on the battlefield, and besieged the cities, eventually using Persian siege engineers. In battles Mongolian's strategy was to put in the front their heaviest men and horses, clad in the stoutest armor, the warriors being armed with pikes for charging and short swords for close combat. In each company of fifty, twenty soldiers were at the front, while thirty more lightly armed men were kept in the rear, until the heavily equipped warriors had made their attack. Then the light cavalry rushed forward, shot their arrows, threw their javelins, and rode away swiftly, making way for fresh reinforcements. This method, repeated several times, completely broke up the ranks of the opponents by throwing their soldiers into confusion. Then the whole body of Tartars charged, using pikes and swords. The ruler of the Mongols, Genghis Khan, moved the capital of the empire from Karakorum to Beijing. .The Chinese were very angry that Kublai Khan gave foreigners like the Italian Marco Polo all the jobs as governors and judges, instead of choosing Chinese people. But Kublai Khan did not trust the Chinese people. Anger started to build up in the Chinese people. During 1350s, the Black Death just ended and the Mongols grip on China weakened because of Mongolian soldiers dying from the Black Death, thus a rebellion against the mongols, (they called themselves the Red Turbans) seized this opportunity to take control of China. The army was made up of pheasants trained and turned into warriors for the rebellion against the Mongols. There were 3 leaders of the Red Turbans, Zhou Guangzhou, orphaned at 16 and now 30, his young wife, Ma, daughter of a warlord, and Show Du, a master craftsmen and weapon expert. In 1364, Show Du showed Zhou Guangzhou and Ma a new weapon he invented,the gun. it was a bamboo hollow pole with one mount in the front and back. He loaded the back with gunpowder, at first only used for fireworks, and loaded a stone ball. Then you would light a string that lit went into the gunpowder, and thus, lighting the gunpowder and propelling the stone ball forward, easily puncturing steel armor and going through, killing the soldier wearing the steel armor more easily than an arrow . Zhou tested it in battle of Nanjing and the gun proved to be a huge success. Technology invented before the gun was ineffective. 4 years later, China was unified under the new Ming dynasty with Zhou Guangzhou as the Emperor and Ma the most powerful women in the world. They built the forbidden city, a city of huge flats that took 1 million workers 10 years. NO one could enter or exit without the Emperor's permission.
The mongols were a fierce nomadic civilization originating in central Europe. Mongols were legendary horsemen, riding horseback at the age of 3. Their army was the biggest and most powerful army in the world. In 1279 AD, the Mongols took over China. The Mongolian Empire started 50 years before they invaded the Chinese and it they had to allied with other powers, defeated the armies of the various Chinese states on the battlefield, and besieged the cities, eventually using Persian siege engineers. In battles Mongolian's strategy was to put in the front their heaviest men and horses, clad in the stoutest armor, the warriors being armed with pikes for charging and short swords for close combat. In each company of fifty, twenty soldiers were at the front, while thirty more lightly armed men were kept in the rear, until the heavily equipped warriors had made their attack. Then the light cavalry rushed forward, shot their arrows, threw their javelins, and rode away swiftly, making way for fresh reinforcements. This method, repeated several times, completely broke up the ranks of the opponents by throwing their soldiers into confusion. Then the whole body of Tartars charged, using pikes and swords. The ruler of the Mongols, Genghis Khan, moved the capital of the empire from Karakorum to Beijing. .The Chinese were very angry that Kublai Khan gave foreigners like the Italian Marco Polo all the jobs as governors and judges, instead of choosing Chinese people. But Kublai Khan did not trust the Chinese people. Anger started to build up in the Chinese people. During 1350s, the Black Death just ended and the Mongols grip on China weakened because of Mongolian soldiers dying from the Black Death, thus a rebellion against the mongols, (they called themselves the Red Turbans) seized this opportunity to take control of China. The army was made up of pheasants trained and turned into warriors for the rebellion against the Mongols. There were 3 leaders of the Red Turbans, Zhou Guangzhou, orphaned at 16 and now 30, his young wife, Ma, daughter of a warlord, and Show Du, a master craftsmen and weapon expert. In 1364, Show Du showed Zhou Guangzhou and Ma a new weapon he invented,the gun. it was a bamboo hollow pole with one mount in the front and back. He loaded the back with gunpowder, at first only used for fireworks, and loaded a stone ball. Then you would light a string that lit went into the gunpowder, and thus, lighting the gunpowder and propelling the stone ball forward, easily puncturing steel armor and going through, killing the soldier wearing the steel armor more easily than an arrow . Zhou tested it in battle of Nanjing and the gun proved to be a huge success. Technology invented before the gun was ineffective. 4 years later, China was unified under the new Ming dynasty with Zhou Guangzhou as the Emperor and Ma the most powerful women in the world. They built the forbidden city, a city of huge flats that took 1 million workers 10 years. NO one could enter or exit without the Emperor's permission.
This was the Mongol Empire at its peak. It took only 50 years to conquer all this land. It is the biggest empire in the world. The Romans conquered less land in 400 years.
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